The Economics of Inclusion / European Union / Labour Market
Labour Market
The Disability Employment Gap in the EU: Causes and Remedies
European Commission analysis of the 24 percentage-point employment gap between disabled and non-disabled workers across EU-27, with evidence-based policy recommendations.
Disability Onset and Labour Market Outcomes
Peer-reviewed publication showing persistent wage and employment scarring following disability onset; part-time work and occupational downgrading are the dominant adjustment paths for workers who remain employed.
Mental Health and Work Inclusion in the EU Labour Market
OECD-EU joint report on the labour market participation challenges and economic costs of poor mental health, with employer and policy levers for improvement.
The Disability Wage Gap in Europe: Cross-Country Evidence
IZA working paper using EU-SILC data to decompose the disability wage penalty across 22 European countries, finding 10–19% unexplained gaps after controlling for productivity factors.
Labour Market Transitions for People with Disabilities in Europe
Eurofound longitudinal analysis of employment transitions — entry, exit, and re-entry — for disabled workers, identifying structural barriers and enablers.
Active Labour Market Policies for People with Disabilities
OECD comparative review of ALMPs across 38 countries — what works in wage subsidies, supported employment, job coaching, and vocational rehabilitation.
Disability and Labor Market Performance
Using German administrative data, disability onset raises non-employment probability by 10pp after one year and 15pp after five years; wage losses persist even for those who remain employed.
Disability and Labour Market Integration: Policy Trends in EU Member States
Reviews 150+ policy measures across EU member states; only half of the 42.8 million working-age EU citizens with disabilities are employed, with COVID-19 exacerbating existing gaps.